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Olivo-damaging insects: fly (Dacus oleae)

The Dacus oleae is the most important pest of olive trees it has spread to all the Italian olive groves. The larva of the olive fly is about 8 mm, has an apparatus consisting of two chewing mandibles black, hooked, clearly visible to the naked eye, is yellowish and is thinner towards the cephalic end. The adult insect looks like a fly small (4-5 mm) with a wingspan of 10-12 mm. Presents tan head with greenish eyes. The body is gray and the wings are transparent, with two small dark spots at the ends. The power of this dipteran, in the larval state, is the fruit pulp, which digs galleries, and in the case of high humidity drupes buggy are invaded by microorganisms that cause decay resulting in fruit drop, but when it becomes adult feeds on the juices which come out of different parts of the green olive tree, with its typically sharp-sucking mouthparts. The olive fly is one of the main carriers of the wart olives.

The struggle for this insect is of chemical type and follows the criteria of pest management and intrgrata; it is carried out with treatment to overcome the threshold, which was estimated to about 6-8% of infested drupes. The products used are organo-phosphate for example, diazinon, dimethoate and so on. But the fight against the olive fly can also be of agronomic with the use of poison traps. Recall that the olive fly is affected much of alternating temperature that she becomes a limiting factor: in fact the flight activity begins when the temperature exceeds 14-18 ° C and stops when the temperature exceeds 31-33 ° C, in addition the succession of summer days characterized by high temperatures greater then 30 ° C, with low humidity and no rain causing high mortality of eggs and larvae inside the fruit. The survey of adults is done with traps thermotropic, food (poison before the start of oviposition) and sexual (installed in late June, 2.3 per hectare), but the damage threshold can be established with the collection of a certain number of drupes collected at random from a certain number of plants, and examine the various drupes, establishing the degree and the percentage of damage, for example in 100 drupem 20 drupes were attacked, the degree of damage and 20%.